橘子朗文词典

sacrifice

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs]
  • 美式音标 [ˈsæk.rə.faɪs]
  • 国际音标 ['sækrifais]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n.牺牲；祭品；供奉
  • vt.牺牲；亏本出售；供奉
  • vi.献祭；(棒球)作牺牲一击

词源解说

  • 13世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的sacrifise，意为祭祀品；最初源自拉丁语的sacrificium，意为祭祀。

词根记忆

  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fic(做) + e→牺牲是神圣的做法→牺牲
  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fice(做)→为了神圣的事情而作出牺牲→牺牲；献身
  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fic(做) + e→为了神圣的事情而去做→牺牲，献祭
  • sacri(神圣的) + fic(做) + e→为了神圣的事情而去做→牺牲
  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fic(做) + e→供奉是很神圣的→供奉，牺牲
  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fice(做)→牺牲是神圣的做法
  • sacr(神圣的) + i + fice(做)→为了神圣的事情而去做→牺牲，奉献

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    sacrificial：牺牲的；献祭的。

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • sacrifice用作名词时基本意思是“祭品”,转化为动词意为“以…作为祭品”,引申可表示某人为了更重要、更珍贵的人或理想而“奉献”或“牺牲”自己的利益、事业等,含有自我克制的意味,有时还可表示“贱卖”。
  • sacrifice只用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。表示“为…牺牲”时,常与介词for或to连用。可用于被动结构。
  • sacrifice还常接动词不定式作目的状语。

英汉例句

    用作名词 (n.)

  • There were complaints that it was demanding too much sacrifice on the part of ordinary people.
    人们报怨要老百姓作出的牺牲太多了。

    • 用作动词 (v.)

    用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • Abraham was about to sacrifice Issac.
    亚伯拉罕正要用艾瑟克作祭品。

词组短语

    用作名词 (n.)

    动词+～

  • fall a sacrifice to 成为…的牺牲品
  • fear no sacrifice 不怕牺牲
  • make 〔offer〕 a sacrifice 作出牺牲

    • 形容词+～

  • great 〔useless〕 sacrifice 巨大〔无用〕的牺牲
  • needless 〔unnecessary〕 sacrifice 不必要的牺牲

    • 介词+～

  • at any sacrifice 不惜任何牺牲
  • by the sacrifice of principles 牺牲原则

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (GIVE UP) to give up something that is valuable to you in order to help another person
  • (KILL) to kill an animal or a person and offer them to a god or gods
  • (GIVING UP) the act of giving up something that is valuable to you in order to help someone else
  • (KILLING) the act of killing an animal or person and offering them to a god or gods, or the animal, etc. that is offered

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • To sacrifice an animal or person means to kill them in a special religious ceremony as an offering to a god.
  • Sacrifice is also a noun.
  • If you sacrifice something that is valuable or important, you give it up, usually to obtain something else for yourself or for other people.
  • Sacrifice is also a noun.